GENETIC IS THAT?
Genetics (from the ancient Greek ', "genitive" and that from "," origin "), is a discipline of biology, the science of heredity and variation in living organisms. The fact that beings inherit traits from their parents has been used since prehistoric times to improve crop plants and animals through selective breeding. However, the modern science of genetics, which seeks to understand the process of inheritance, only began with the work of Gregor Mendel in the nineteenth century. Although he does not know the basics for heredity, Mendel observed that organisms inherit traits via discrete units of inheritance, which are now called genes.
The sequence of nucleotides in a gene is translated by cells to produce a chain of amino acids, creating proteins-protein amino acid sequence corresponding order of nucleotides in a gene. The relationship between the nucleotide sequence and the amino acid sequence is known as the genetic code. Amino acids determines how the protein folds into a three-dimensional; structure, in turn, is responsible for the function of the protein. Proteins carry out almost all the functions needed for cells to live. Changes to the DNA in a gene can change the amino acids of a protein, changing the shape and function: this can have a dramatic effect on the cells and the organism as a whole.
Although genetics plays a major role in the appearance and behavior of organisms, it is the combination of genetics with what an organism experiences that determines the final result. For example, while genes play a role in determining the size of organisms, nutrients and other conditions after the initial experience also have a great impact.
The sequence of nucleotides in a gene is translated by cells to produce a chain of amino acids, creating proteins-protein amino acid sequence corresponding order of nucleotides in a gene. The relationship between the nucleotide sequence and the amino acid sequence is known as the genetic code. Amino acids determines how the protein folds into a three-dimensional; structure, in turn, is responsible for the function of the protein. Proteins carry out almost all the functions needed for cells to live. Changes to the DNA in a gene can change the amino acids of a protein, changing the shape and function: this can have a dramatic effect on the cells and the organism as a whole.
Although genetics plays a major role in the appearance and behavior of organisms, it is the combination of genetics with what an organism experiences that determines the final result. For example, while genes play a role in determining the size of organisms, nutrients and other conditions after the initial experience also have a great impact.
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